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Johnny Carson
John William "Johnny" Carson (October 23, 1925 – January 23, 2005) was an American television host, comedian, writer, producer, actor, and musician known for thirty years as host of ''The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson'' (1962–1992). Carson received six Emmy Awards, the Governor's Award, and a 1985 Peabody Award. He was inducted into the ''Television Academy Hall of Fame'' in 1987. Johnny Carson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1992 and received a Kennedy Center Honor in 1993.〔Johnny Carson. (Encyclopædia Britannica Online ). (2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved July 30, 2009.〕
Although his show was already successful by the end of the 1960s, during the 1970s Carson became an American icon and remained so until his retirement in 1992. He adopted a casual, conversational approach with extensive interaction with guests, an approach pioneered by Arthur Godfrey and previous ''Tonight Show'' hosts Steve Allen and Jack Paar. Former late-night host and friend David Letterman has cited Carson's influence.
== Early life and career ==
Carson was born on October 23, 1925 in Corning, Iowa, to Homer Lloyd "Kit" Carson, a power company manager, and Ruth (Hook) Carson, who was of part Irish descent.〔 He grew up in the nearby towns of Avoca, Clarinda, and Red Oak in southwest Iowa before moving to Norfolk, Nebraska, at the age of eight. It was there that Carson grew up and began developing his talent for entertaining. At the age of twelve, Carson found a book on magic at a friend's house and immediately purchased a mail-order magician's kit. After the purchase of the kit, Johnny Carson practiced his entertainment skills on family members with card tricks. He was known for following his family members around saying, "Pick a card any card." Carson's mother sewed him a cape, and his first performance was staged right in front of the local Kiwanis Club. He debuted as "The Great Carsoni" at age 14 and he was paid $3 a show.〔 Soon, many other performances at local picnics and country fairs followed. After graduating from high school, Carson had his first encounter with Hollywood. Carson hitchhiked to Hollywood, where he was arrested and fined $50 for impersonating a midshipman, a story that's often seen as apocryphal.〔 "Johnny embarked on an adventure, one so laden with implications about his future, that some have wondered if the escapade might not actually be a legend."〔(【引用サイトリンク】first1=Paul )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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